We regularly update articles related to the manufacturing industry.
3+2 machining, or positional 5-axis machining, means the part is rotated into a set position using two rotational axes. Once fixed, the tool performs the cutting using three-axis motion. The rotary axes don’t move during the actual cutting. They only move before cutting starts to position the part.
CO2 laser cutting uses a carbon dioxide gas laser to cut through materials. The laser beam is focused through a lens, creating intense heat at the focal point. That heat melts or vaporizes the material in a narrow path. A stream of gas blows away the molten or burnt material.
310 stainless steel is an austenitic stainless steel. It belongs to the 300 series, known for its corrosion resistance and good strength. Among them, 310 offers better high-temperature strength than types 304 or 316.
This alloy is designed to work in heat-intensive applications. It stays stable and resists scaling even when exposed to temperatures above 1000°F. That makes it a reliable choice for heat exchangers, furnaces, and thermal processing equipment.
Tolerance is the range of acceptable variation in a part’s dimension. Allowance is a planned difference between two mating parts. Tolerance controls what’s allowed. Allowance sets the gap or fit between parts. Knowing both helps teams decide how loose or tight a part should be. This ensures smooth function, good assembly, and minimal waste.
CNC acrylic machining is a subtractive process. Using high-speed rotating tools, a CNC machine removes material from a solid acrylic sheet. The machine follows a digital design file to accurately cut, drill, or mill the acrylic.
This method creates smooth edges, clean holes, and complex shapes. It works well for both prototypes and finished products. Acrylic is strong, lightweight, and has excellent optical clarity, making it a popular choice.
Material hardness is the ability of a material to resist surface deformation, including scratching, denting, and indentation. A more rigid material usually wears down slower than a softer one.
Hardness is not the same as strength or toughness. A part can be strong but still scratch easily. Hardness focuses on surface resistance, not how much force a part can carry before breaking.
CMM inspection uses a Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) to measure a part’s physical dimensions. This tool helps manufacturers check essential details like size, shape, and surface features. It ensures that each part matches its design specifications.
A NEMA rating is a classification system that indicates the level of protection an electrical enclosure provides against specific environmental conditions. These conditions may include exposure to water, dust, ice, or other factors that could harm electrical components. The ratings help manufacturers and designers select the appropriate enclosure for their equipment based on where it will be used.
Feed rate refers to how quickly the tool advances along the workpiece. It’s usually measured in millimeters per minute (mm/min) or inches per minute (IPM). Cutting speed, on the other hand, describes how fast the cutting tool moves relative to the surface of the workpiece. It’s measured in surface feet per minute (SFM) or meters per minute (m/min). While both impact the overall efficiency of the process, they influence different aspects of the machining operation.
Anodizing aluminum is an electrochemical process that increases the natural oxide layer on the surface of aluminum. The aluminum is immersed in an acid electrolyte solution during anodizing, and an electric current is passed through it. This causes the aluminum to react with the solution, forming an oxide layer much thicker than the natural oxide.
Gravity die casting is a metal casting process where molten metal is poured into a reusable mold using gravity. Unlike some external pressure methods, this process relies solely on gravity to fill the mold. The result is parts with few defects and high precision.
SMAW is a welding process where an electric arc forms between a consumable electrode and the workpiece. The heat generated by the arc melts the electrode, creating a pool of molten metal. This metal then fuses with the base material, forming a strong bond. The coating on the electrode creates a shielding gas that protects the weld from contamination.
Sheet metal joints are connections between two or more pieces of sheet metal. To ensure the metal parts are securely attached, these joints are formed using various techniques, such as welding, riveting, or bolting. The method chosen depends on the material, design requirements, and desired strength of the connection.
Rapid tooling is the quick creation of molds, dies, or tools used in manufacturing. Modern methods like 3D printing, CNC machining, or additive manufacturing are used.
Traditional tooling can take weeks or even months to complete. In contrast, rapid tooling speeds up this process, allowing for much faster production. This is especially helpful when quick changes or adjustments are needed, such as during prototype development or small production runs.
Wire EDM uses a thin wire to cut through metal with electrical sparks. It’s best for fine, detailed work. Sinker EDM uses shaped electrodes to burn into the material, which is suitable for deep cavities. Wire EDM gives precise cuts and clean edges. Sinker EDM handles thicker parts and complex internal features. Your choice depends on the part shape, size, and accuracy needed.
Fabrication is the process of creating parts or structures from raw materials using cutting, bending, and welding methods. Manufacturing is the broader process of turning raw materials into finished goods. It includes fabrication but also covers assembly, machining, packaging, and more. Manufacturing is the whole system, and fabrication is one step inside it.
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