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At room temperature (around 20°C or 68°F), tungsten has a standard density of 19.25 grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³).
This makes tungsten nearly twice as dense as lead and almost four times as dense as aluminum. It remains stable at most working temperatures, meaning its density does not change significantly in typical environments.
No, gold does not rust. Gold is a noble metal. That means it resists reacting with air, water, and most chemicals. So, pure gold doesn’t form rust, corrosion, or tarnish in regular conditions. However, gold alloys can behave differently depending on the metals with which they are mixed.
Casting works well for making complex shapes in larger quantities. Machining is best for precise, custom parts with tight tolerances. If you want high detail and smooth finishes, machining is a strong choice. If you want to make many parts at once with complex shapes, casting is often better.
Pure brass shows no attraction to magnets. This is because its main ingredients—copper and zinc—are both non-magnetic. When combined, these metals do not create any strong magnetic field.
You can hold a strong magnet next to a clean piece of brass, and it won’t move.
Adhesive bonding is a joining process that uses a material, usually a liquid or paste, to stick two surfaces together. The material is called an adhesive. It spreads between the parts, then hardens to form a strong connection.
Copper is not magnetic. You can place a copper wire or pipe next to a magnet, and nothing will happen. It won’t stick, and it won’t move.
This is because copper doesn’t have the kind of atomic structure that supports magnetism. Its electrons do not line up to create a magnetic field. So, unlike iron or steel, copper shows no attraction to magnets in normal conditions.
Many people confuse rust with corrosion. Rust is a specific type of corrosion that affects iron and steel. Aluminum does not rust because it contains no iron. But that doesn’t mean it stays untouched by its environment.
Nickel doesn’t “rust” in the traditional sense, but it can corrode. Rust, by definition, is the reddish-brown iron oxide that forms when iron reacts with oxygen and water. Since nickel doesn’t contain iron, it doesn’t produce this type of rust.
Zinc doesn’t rust in the same way that iron does. It doesn’t form the flaky, reddish-brown layer we usually associate with rust. Instead, zinc reacts with air and moisture to form a thin surface layer. This layer doesn’t damage the metal—it protects it.
But under certain conditions, zinc can still corrode over time. The way it reacts depends on the environment and the type of zinc coating used.
Pure aluminum has a density of 2.7 grams per cubic centimeter. This value remains nearly the same across all common grades, unless alloys or extreme conditions alter it. The number tells you how much one cubic centimeter of aluminum weighs.
Contour turning is a lathe process in which the cutting tool moves in both the X and Z axes simultaneously. This multi-axis movement lets the tool follow a specific curved or angled path. The goal is to create smooth shapes, like arcs, rounded edges, or sloped profiles, on a rotating workpiece.
High speed machining (HSM) is a cutting method that utilizes significantly faster speeds than standard machining. It involves higher spindle speeds, quicker feed rates, and rapid moves between cuts.
The primary goal is to remove material quickly without generating excessive heat. Fast and light cuts help keep the tools cool. This reduces tool wear and gives a smoother surface on the finished part.
Aluminum heat sinks are a solid option for most cooling tasks. They are lighter than copper and cost less. Copper heat sinks transfer heat better, but they are heavier and more expensive. If you’re looking for a balance of cost, weight, and performance, aluminum is usually the better pick. However, if you require top-level cooling in a confined space, copper is the best option.
Single point threading is a method that uses a cutting tool to create threads on a workpiece. It uses one tool shaped like the thread profile. As the part spins on a lathe, the tool moves along it and cuts the thread. This cutting happens slowly and in steps.
Aluminum is a silver-colored metal. It is soft, lightweight, and has good corrosion resistance. Pure aluminum is rarely used for parts. It’s too weak for most load-bearing tasks. But it’s excellent for electrical wiring and chemical equipment because it resists corrosion and conducts electricity well.
SFM means “Surface Feet per Minute.” It measures how fast the cutting edge of the tool moves across the material surface. This speed depends on how fast the tool spins and how big it is.
Think of it this way: if a cutting tool spins too slowly, the cut may not be clean. If it turns too fast, the tool may overheat or wear out quickly. SFM gives a number to help find the right speed.
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